A database schema defines the tables and columns in a database

You also need to decide what type of data can go in each column. Think about the data you will want to have, and look for inconsistencies or duplication of information.

Normalizing refers to finding all the entities in their own table (for example separating books and their authors), and putting all and only the information about that entity in that table.

Then, you can relate these tables together to represent the relationships between the entities in your data set.

You can ask sqlite to show the schema for a database using the .schema command at the sqlite prompt, or .schema <table name> for just one table. This shows the CREATE TABLE command that could be used to create that table.

Create a new database with sqlite by just naming the file - sqlite3 newdatabase.db. Then you can run some CREATE TABLE statements. These look (minimally) like

CREATE TABLE "riders" (
  "id",
  "name"
);

You probably also want to define the data types and storage classes for each of your columns though, and any foreign key relations that exist.

The opposite of CREATE TABLE is DROP TABLE, this deletes a table and also all the data in that table. You can also edit existing tables using ALTER TABLE statements. This lets you do things like rename the table, add, remove or change a column.